NAD+ — Molecular Biology, Metabolic Function, and the Science of Longevity
NAD+ is essential for cellular energy production, DNA repair, mitochondrial function, and the regulation of hundreds of metabolic processes.
NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is one of the most important coenzymes in human biology. It is essential for cellular energy production, DNA repair, mitochondrial function and the regulation of hundreds of metabolic processes. The decline of NAD+ levels with age is documented in numerous human and animal studies. This section describes the state of research on the NAD+ molecule. It is not a statement about what our product does. What we may say about the REVVY® NAD+ formula appears below: seven authorised claims for niacin and vitamin E. We say nothing beyond that.
What is NAD+?
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) is a dinucleotide coenzyme found in every living cell. It exists in two primary forms: NAD+ (oxidised) and NADH (reduced), cycling between states to facilitate electron transfer in cellular metabolism.
NAD+ is not simply a vitamin or supplement — it is a fundamental molecule without which cellular respiration, DNA repair, and hundreds of enzymatic reactions cannot occur.
Core Biological Functions
Energy Metabolism
NAD+ is a critical cofactor in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle (TCA), and oxidative phosphorylation — the primary pathways through which cells generate ATP.
Sirtuin Activation
NAD+ is the obligatory substrate for Sirtuins (SIRT1–SIRT7), a family of NAD+-dependent deacylases that regulate gene expression, mitochondrial biogenesis, stress resistance, and longevity pathways.
PARP Activation
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) consume NAD+ to detect and repair DNA strand breaks — a critical defence against genomic instability.
CD38 Signalling
CD38 is an NAD+-consuming enzyme involved in calcium signalling and immune cell function. CD38 activity increases with age and is a significant driver of NAD+ depletion.
NAD+ Decline with Age
One of the most consistently observed findings in longevity research is the progressive decline of intracellular NAD+ levels with advancing age. In tissues including skeletal muscle, brain, liver, and skin, NAD+ concentrations fall by approximately 40–60% between the ages of 20 and 60.
Key drivers of this decline
- Increased CD38 expression in aged tissues
- Reduced NAMPT activity (the rate-limiting enzyme in the NAD+ salvage pathway)
- Accumulation of DNA damage → increased PARP activation → accelerated NAD+ consumption
- Chronic low-grade inflammation ("inflammaging") — activates CD38 and PARP
Functional consequences of NAD+ depletion
- Mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced ATP production
- Impaired DNA repair capacity
- Reduced Sirtuin activity → dysregulated gene expression and epigenetic ageing
- Increased oxidative stress and cellular senescence
The REVVY® NAD+ formula — seven declared ingredients
Every amount is on the pack and on this page. No proprietary blend, no hidden proportions.
| Ingredient | Category | Daily serving | % NRV |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) | Vitamin | 200 mg | 1 250 % |
| Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) | Vitamin | 100 mg α-TE | 833 % |
| Trans-resveratrol | Polyphenol | 100 mg | — |
| Coenzyme Q10 | Coenzyme | 100 mg | — |
| Sophora japonica extract (80 % flavonoids) | Plant extract | 200 mg | — |
| Grape seed extract (OPC) | Plant extract | 100 mg | — |
| Black pepper extract | Plant extract | 5 mg | — |
Under EU law there is no authorised health claim for trans-resveratrol, coenzyme Q10, Sophora japonica extract, grape seed extract or black pepper extract. We name them because they are in the capsule, not because we are promising you an effect. What can be said about niacin and vitamin E appears in the next section, in the authorised wording.
What we are allowed to say — in the authorised wording
Under Regulation (EU) 432/2012 the following claims are authorised for the nutrients in this formula. We use these and no others.
- Niacin contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
- Niacin contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
- Niacin contributes to the normal functioning of the nervous system.
- Niacin contributes to normal psychological function.
- Niacin contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
- Niacin contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
- Vitamin E contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
Everything beyond that is science we find interesting, not a promise about what the product will do for you.
Food supplements are not a substitute for a varied and balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle.
5. Summary
NAD+ is not a trend supplement. It is a fundamental coenzyme whose age-related decline is well documented. Whether, and to what extent, supplementation changes that is not settled by the published evidence. We think it is better to say so than to overstate it. What we can guarantee is the composition: seven ingredients, every amount declared, no proprietary blend.
